Antidiarrheal and protein conservative activities of Psidium guajava in diarrheal rats / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#Psidium guajava occurs worldwide in tropical and subtropical areas. It has been used to treat inflammation, diabetes, fever, hypertension and ulcers. However, its antidiarrheal and protein conservative activities still need to be investigated.@*METHODS@#Fifty-four male rats were divided into normal and diarrheal rats. The normal rats were divided into 4 groups: control, low-dose P. guajava leaf extract (50 mg/kg), high-dose P. guajava leaf extract (100 mg/kg) and gallic acid. Treatments were administrated orally in 1 mL saline for a 1-month period. The diarrheal rats were divided into 5 groups: desmopressin (0.2 mg/kg) drug, low-dose P. guajava leaf extract (50 mg/kg), high-dose P. guajava leaf extract (100 mg/kg), gallic acid and an untreated control. Doses were given daily for a 1-month period while the untreated control received no treatment.@*RESULTS@#Diarrhea was responsible for an observed decline in kidney weight and serum sodium, potassium and chloride. Further, diarrhea was positively correlated with a significant increase in urine volume, and excretion of electrolytes, serum urea, creatinine and uric acid in the urine. In contrast, there was a proportional increase in the lipid peroxidation value in diarrhea and a significant decline was observed in serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione levels in diarrhea. Also, diarrhea inhibited blood proteins. The oral intake of P. guajava leaf extract by diarrheal rats restored all of these parameters to near normal levels. High-dose P. guajava leaf extract was more effective than the same compound at a low dose.@*CONCLUSION@#P. guajava leaf extract elicited antidiarrheal and protein conservative effects.

study of some physiological and biochemical properties of the glycoside convicine on albino rats

Convicine glycoside is hydrolyzed by intestinal microflora to highly reactive free- radical generation compound isouramil. Isouramil has been strongly implicated as the causative agent of favism. Biological studies were conducted to determine some physiological and biochemical properties of convicine isolated from faba beans. The results obtained revealed that the tested oral dose of convicine [2 mg/100g b.wt.] showed significant increase in W.B.Cs, while it caused significant decrease in serum glucose. The analysis of serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphate showed that convicine causes significant increases. The results also showed that there were a significant decrease in the level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL. There were, also significant decreases in serum and tissue malondialdhyde [MDA]. While a significant increase in blood and tissue glutathione peroxidase [GPx] activity was found. On the other hand, there was, significant increase in plasma nitric oxide level. From the results we can conclude that convicine had certain beneficial effects as a good antioxidant agent

Evaluation of some toxic effects of the glycoside convicine on albino rat

Isouramil [IU] is a glycone of the glycoside convicine isolated from faba beans [Vacia faba L.]. Convicine caused haemolytic crisis called Favism especially in patients deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. In the present study the experiments were performed to investigate the convicine effect on albino rats. Three groups of albino rats were used. The first group was kept as a control, the second and third group were given oral dose of convicine [2 mg/100g b.wt.] for 15 and 30 days, respectively. The results revealed that convicine caused significant decrease [P < 0.05] in red blood cells. R.B.Cs and hemoglobin content. The analysis of serum albumin/globulin ratio a showed significant decrease [P < 0.05]. There were significant increases [P < 0.05] in serum and tissue total protein, serum bilirubin, globulin and iron. The results showed that convicine when hydrolyzed to its haemoglobin aglycon isouramil caused the same signs similar in many respects to those observed in human metabolic disease [Favism]